Morphological classification of languages ??- typological classification of world languages ??based on the principles of morphological structure of words.
According to this classification, all languages ??are divided into: root, agglutinative, inflectional and polysynthetic.
Root languages
In root languages, words usually do not break down into morphemes: roots and affixes. Words of such languages ??are morphologically unformed units such as indefinite words on the Ukrainian language there, right here, from where, where. The root languages ??are Vietnamese, Burmese, Old Chinese, largely modern day Chinese. Grammatical relations involving words in these languages ??are transmitted by intonation, service words, word order.
Agglutinative languages
Agglutinative languages ??consist of Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages. In their structure, additionally towards the root, you’ll find affixes (each word-changing and word-forming). The peculiarity of affixes in these languages ??is the fact that every single affix is ??unambiguous, ie each and every of them serves to express only one grammatical meaning, with whatever root it truly is combined. This really is how they differ from inflectional languages, in which the affix acts as a carrier of many grammatical meanings at as soon as.
Inflectional languages
Inflectional languages ??- languages ??in which the leading role within the expression of grammatical meanings is played by inflection (ending). Inflectional languages ??consist of Indo-European and Semitic-Hamitic. Unlike agglutinative languages, exactly where affixes are unambiguous, regular and mechanically attached to complete words, in inflectional languages ??the ending is ambiguous, non-standard, joins the base, that is commonly not employed without inflection, and organically merges with all the base, forming a single alloy, consequently, various adjustments can take place at the junction of morphemes. The formal interpenetration of contacting morphemes, which leads to the blurring from the boundaries among them, is named fusion. Hence the second name of inflectional languages ??- fusion.
Polysynthetic languages
Polysynthetic, or incorporating – languages ??in which diverse parts of a sentence within the type of amorphous base words are combined into a single complex, related to complex words. Hence, in the language in the Aztecs (an Indian individuals living in Mexico), the word-sentence pinakapilkva, which indicates I consume meat, was formed from the composition of the words pi – I, nakatl – meat and kvya – to eat. Such a word corresponds to our sentence. This really is explained by the fact that in polysynthetic languages ??distinct objects of action and situations in which the action requires spot may be expressed not by individual members on the informative essay sentence (applications, circumstances), but by distinctive affixes which can be component of verb forms. In part, the verb forms involve the subject.
Typological classification of languages ??- a classification determined by the identification of similarities and variations inside the structure of languages, regardless of their genetic relatedness.
Thus, when the genealogical classification unites languages ??by their origin, then the typological classification divides languages ??by the characteristics of their structure, no matter their origin and location in space. In conjunction with the term typological classification of languages, the term morphological classification is normally made use of as a synonym. Such use with the term http://www.nysun.com morphological classification of languages ??as opposed to typological classification of languages ??is unjustified and inappropriate for numerous factors. First, the word morphological is associated in linguistics using the term morphology, which means the grammatical doctrine from the word and the structure with the word, not the language as a complete. By the way, some linguists fully grasp the morphological classification: speaking of morphological, ewriters pro or typological, classification, we imply the classification of languages ??around the basis of morphological structure, word type. In reality, the typological classification goes far beyond morphology. Secondly, in current years, several sorts of typological classification have develop into increasingly prevalent: morphological, syntactic, phonetic, and so on.